Acute lymphocytic leukemia

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Causes

By Mayo Clinic staff

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Acute lymphocytic leukemia occurs when a bone marrow cell develops errors in its DNA. The errors tell the cell to continue growing and dividing, when a healthy cell would normally die. When this happens, blood cell production goes awry. The bone marrow produces immature cells that develop into leukemic white blood cells called lymphoblasts. These abnormal cells are unable to function properly, and they can build up and crowd out healthy cells.

It's not clear what causes the DNA mutations that can lead to acute lymphocytic leukemia. But doctors have found that most cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia aren't inherited.

References
  1. Rabin KR, et al. Clinical manifestations of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. In: Hoffman R, et al. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone; 2009. http://www.mdconsult.com/book/player/book.do?method=display&type=aboutPage&decorator=header&eid=4-u1.0-B978-0-443-06715-0..X5001-8--TOP&isbn=978-0-443-06715-0&uniq=210978719. Accessed Aug. 16, 2010.
  2. Hoelzer D, et al. Acute lymphocytic leukemia in adults. In: Abeloff MD, et al. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone; 2007:2191.
  3. Pieters R, et al. Biology and treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Hematology and Oncology Clinics of North America. 2010;24:1.
  4. Acute lymphocytic leukemia. The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society. http://www.leukemia-lymphoma.org/all_page?item_id=7049. Accessed Aug. 16, 2010.
  5. Integrative medicine and complementary and alternative therapies as part of blood cancer care. The Leukemia & Lymphoma Society. http://www.leukemia-lymphoma.org/attachments/National/br_1150734030.pdf. Accessed Aug. 16, 2010.
  6. Faderl S, et al. Adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Cancer. 2010;116:1165.
DS00558 Sept. 4, 2010

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