Anal cancer

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Definition

By Mayo Clinic staff

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Illustration showing the anal canal where anal cancer occurs 
The anal canal

Anal cancer is an uncommon type of cancer that occurs in the anal canal. The anal canal is a short tube at the end of your rectum through which stool leaves your body.

About 5,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with anal cancer each year, according to the National Cancer Institute. The incidence of anal cancer is increasing, though it isn't clear why.

Most cases of anal cancer are diagnosed at an early stage — when treatment provides the best chance for a cure. Most people with anal cancer are treated with a combination of chemotherapy and radiation.

References
  1. Complementary and alternative methods for cancer management. American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/docroot/ETO/content/ETO_5_1_Introduction.asp. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
  2. Anal carcinoma. Fort Washington, Pa.: National Comprehensive Cancer Network. http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/anal.pdf. Accessed Nov. 3, 2008.
  3. Anal cancer treatment (PDQ) patient version. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/treatment/anal/patient/allpages/print. Accessed Nov. 3, 2008.
  4. SEER stat fact sheets. Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results. http://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/html/anus.html. Accessed Nov. 3, 2008.
  5. Malik U, et al. Cancer of the anal canal. In: Abeloff MD, et al. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:1557.
  6. Can anal cancer be prevented? American Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.org/docroot/CRI/content/CRI_2_4_2X_Can_Anal_Cancer_be_prevented_47.asp?sitearea=. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.
  7. Questions to ask the doctor. Cancer.Net. http://www.cancer.net/patient/Cancer+Types/Anal+Cancer. Accessed Nov. 7, 2008.

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Dec. 23, 2008

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