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Definition
By Mayo Clinic staffAnaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. It can occur within seconds or minutes of exposure to something you're allergic to, such as the venom from a bee sting or a peanut.
The flood of chemicals released by your immune system during anaphylaxis can cause you to go into shock; your blood pressure drops suddenly and your airways narrow, blocking normal breathing. Signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis include a rapid, weak pulse, a skin rash, and nausea and vomiting. Common triggers of anaphylaxis include certain foods, some medications, insect venom and latex.
Anaphylaxis requires an immediate trip to the emergency department and an injection of epinephrine. If anaphylaxis isn't treated right away, it can lead to unconsciousness or even death.
- Austen KF. Allergies, anaphylaxis, and systemic mastocytosis. In: Fauci AS, et al. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine. 17th ed. New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill; 2008. http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=2858746. Accessed June 2, 2010.
- Lieberman P, et al. The diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis: An updated practice parameter. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2005;115:S483.
- Tips to remember: Anaphylaxis. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. http://www.aaaai.org/patients/publicedmat/tips/whatisanaphylaxis.stm. Accessed June 4, 2010.
- Simons FE. Anaphylaxis. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2010;125:S161.
- Yamashita Y, et al. Cutting edge: Genetic variation influences Fc-epsilon RI-induced mast cell activation and allergic responses. The Journal of Immunology. 2007;179:740.
- Simons FE. Anaphylaxis: Evidence-based long-term risk reduction in the community. Immunology and Allergy Clinics of North America. 2007;27:231.
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