Thoracic aortic aneurysm

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Complications

By Mayo Clinic staff

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Illustration showing a dissecting aneurysm 
Dissecting aneurysm

Tears in the wall of the aorta (dissection) and rupture of the aorta are the main complications of thoracic aortic aneurysm. A ruptured aortic aneurysm can lead to life-threatening internal bleeding. In general, the larger the aneurysm, the greater the risk of rupture.

Signs and symptoms that your aortic aneurysm has burst include:

  • Sudden, intense and persistent abdominal, chest or back pain
  • Pain that radiates to your back or legs
  • Sweatiness
  • Clamminess
  • Dizziness
  • Low blood pressure
  • Fast pulse
  • Loss of consciousness
  • Shortness of breath
  • Weakness or paralysis of one side of the body, difficulty speaking or other signs of stroke

Blood clot risk
Another complication of aortic aneurysms is the risk of blood clots. Small blood clots can develop in the area of the aortic aneurysm. If a blood clot breaks loose from the inside wall of an aneurysm and blocks a blood vessel elsewhere in your body, it can cause pain or block the blood flow to the brain, legs, toes or abdominal organs.

References
  1. Aneurysm. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/arm/arm_all.html. Accessed July 8, 2010.
  2. Woo YJ, et al. Management and outcome of thoracic aortic aneurysm. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed July 8, 2010.
  3. Woo YJ, et al. Clinical features and diagnosis of thoracic aortic aneurysm. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed July 8, 2010.
  4. Marfan syndrome. National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/mar/mar_all.html. Accessed July 8, 2010.
  5. Hiratzka LF, et al. 2010 ACCF/AHA/AATS/ACR/ASA/SCA/SCAI/SIR/STS/SVM guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with thoracic aortic disease: Executive summary. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2010;55:27.
  6. Wang GJ, et al. Thoracic endovascular aortic repair. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed July 8, 2010.
DS00017 Sept. 17, 2010

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