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Definition

By Mayo Clinic staff

Avascular necrosis is the death of bone tissue due to a lack of blood supply. Also called osteonecrosis, avascular necrosis can lead to tiny breaks in the bone and the bone's eventual collapse.

The blood flow to a section of bone can be interrupted if the bone is fractured or the joint becomes dislocated. Avascular necrosis is also associated with long-term use of high-dose steroid medications and excessive alcohol intake.

The most common joint affected by avascular necrosis is the hip. Avascular necrosis worsens with time, so managing it is a lifelong process.

References
  1. What is osteonecrosis? National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Osteonecrosis/osteonecrosis_ff.asp. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
  2. Donohue JP. Osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis of bone). http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
  3. McKown K. Osteonecrosis. American College of Rheumatology. http://www.rheumatology.org/public/factsheets/diseases_and_conditions/osteonecrosis.asp?aud=pat. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
  4. Osteonecrosis of the hip. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfmtopic=A00216. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
  5. Chang C, et al. Osteonecrosis. In: Firestein GS, et al. Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. Philadelphia, Pa.: W.B. Saunders Co.; 2008. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/167338938-3/908256960/1807/704.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-3285-4..10094-4_3424. Accessed Oct. 27, 2009.
  6. Goytia RN, et al. Bisphosphonates and osteonecrosis: Potential treatment or serious complication? Orthopedic Clinics of North America. 2009;40:223.
  7. Dabov G. Osteonecrosis. In: Canale ST, et al. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/167687025-3/909040867/1584/174.html#4-u1.0-B978-0-323-03329-9..50028-3--cesec56_987. Accessed Oct. 28, 2009.
DS00650 Jan. 29, 2010

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