Tests and diagnosis
By Mayo Clinic staffMany disorders can cause joint pain. Imaging tests can help pinpoint the proper diagnosis.
- X-rays. In the early stages of avascular necrosis, X-rays usually appear normal. But X-rays can often reveal bone changes that occur in later stages of the disease.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MRI scans can show early changes in the bone that may indicate avascular necrosis. MRI uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field to produce detailed images of internal structures.
- Bone scan. For a bone scan, a small amount of radioactive material is injected into your vein. This material then travels to the parts of your bones that are injured or healing, and shows up as bright spots on the imaging plate.
References
- What is osteonecrosis? National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. http://www.niams.nih.gov/Health_Info/Osteonecrosis/osteonecrosis_ff.asp. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
- Donohue JP. Osteonecrosis (avascular necrosis of bone). http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
- McKown K. Osteonecrosis. American College of Rheumatology. http://www.rheumatology.org/public/factsheets/diseases_and_conditions/osteonecrosis.asp?aud=pat. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
- Osteonecrosis of the hip. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfmtopic=A00216. Accessed Oct. 26, 2009.
- Chang C, et al. Osteonecrosis. In: Firestein GS, et al. Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. Philadelphia, Pa.: W.B. Saunders Co.; 2008. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/167338938-3/908256960/1807/704.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-3285-4..10094-4_3424. Accessed Oct. 27, 2009.
- Goytia RN, et al. Bisphosphonates and osteonecrosis: Potential treatment or serious complication? Orthopedic Clinics of North America. 2009;40:223.
- Dabov G. Osteonecrosis. In: Canale ST, et al. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Mosby Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/167687025-3/909040867/1584/174.html#4-u1.0-B978-0-323-03329-9..50028-3--cesec56_987. Accessed Oct. 28, 2009.

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