• Background
• Related terms
• Evidence
• Dosing
• Safety
• Methodology
• Selected references

• RSS Feeds

Selected references

1. Antoine C, Liebens F, Carly B, et al. Safety of alternative treatments for menopausal symptoms after breast cancer: a qualitative systematic review. Climacteric 2007;10(1):23-26.
2. Borrelli F, Ernst E. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa) for menopausal symptoms: a systematic review of its efficacy. Pharmacol Res 2008 Jul;58(1):8-14.
3. Borrelli F, Ernst E. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa): a systematic review of adverse events. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2008 Nov;199(5):455-66.
4. Burke BE, Olson RD, Cusack BJ. Randomized, controlled trial of phytoestrogen in the prophylactic treatment of menstrual migraine. Biomed Pharmacother 2002;Aug, 56(6):283-288.
5. Chung DJ, Kim HY, Park KH, et al. Black cohosh and St. John's wort (GYNO-Plus) for climacteric symptoms. Yonsei Med J 2007 Apr 30;48(2):289-94.
6. Chitturi S, Farrell GC. Hepatotoxic slimming aids and other herbal hepatotoxins. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2008 Mar;23(3):366-73.
7. Huntley A. The safety of black cohosh (Actaea racemosa, Cimicifuga racemosa). Expert Opin Drug Saf 2004;Nov, 3(6):615-623.
8. Kronenberg F, Fugh-Berman A. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Menopausal Symptoms: A Review of Randomized, Controlled Trials. Annals of Internal Medicine, 2002;137(10):805-814.
9. Levitsky J, Alli TA, Wisecarver J, et al. Fulminant liver failure associated with the use of black cohosh. Dig Dis Sci. 2005 Mar;50(3):538-9.
10. Liske E, Hanggi W, Henneicke-von Zepelin HH, et al. Physiological investigation of a unique extract of black cohosh (Cimicifugae racemosae rhizoma): a 6-month clinical study demonstrates no systemic estrogenic effect. J Womens Health Gend Based Med 2002;11(2):163-174.
11. Loprinzi CL, Barton DL, Sloan JA, et al. Mayo Clinic and North Central Cancer Treatment Group hot flash studies: a 20-year experience. Menopause 2008 Jul-Aug;15(4 Pt 1):655-60.
12. Mills SY, Jacoby RK, Chacksfield M, et al. Effect of a proprietary herbal medicine on the relief of chronic arthritic pain: a double-blind study. Br J Rheumatol 1996;35(9):874-878.
13. Rebbeck TR, Troxel AB, Norman S, et al. A retrospective case-control study of the use of hormone-related supplements and association with breast cancer. Int J Cancer 2007 Apr 1;120(7):1523-8.
14. Rotem C, Kaplan B. Phyto-Female Complex for the relief of hot flushes, night sweats and quality of sleep: randomized, controlled, double-blind pilot study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2007 Feb;23(2):117-22.
15. Walji R, Boon H, Guns E, et al. Black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa [L.] Nutt.): safety and efficacy for cancer patients. Support Care Cancer 2007 Aug;15(8):913-21.

Mayo Clinic Store

Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic.

• Try Mayo Clinic Health Letter FREE!
• Mayo Clinic Book of Alternative Medicine
• Mayo Clinic Five Steps to Controlling High Blood Pressure
• Reach out to Mayo Clinic pregnancy experts for confidential advice

The Mayo Clinic Diet — Eat well. Enjoy life. Lose weight.