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Causes
By Mayo Clinic staff
As you age, the bones and cartilage that make up your backbone and neck gradually deteriorate, sometimes forming irregular bony outgrowths called bone spurs. These changes, which are characteristic of cervical spondylosis, eventually occur in everyone's spine.
Age-related wear and tear is probably the basic cause of cervical spondylosis. By age 30, many people show signs of vertebral and disk degeneration on X-ray, although symptoms usually don't appear until later in life. Specific changes occurring with age include:
- Drying and loss of elasticity in the spinal disks
- Bulging and sometimes herniation of disks so that disk material protrudes from between two vertebrae
- Stiffening of the ligaments connecting neck bones and muscles
- Aminoff J. Mechanical and other lesions of the spine, nerve roots, and spinal cord. In: Goldman L, et al., eds. Goldman: Cecil Medicine. 23rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/176708901-5/933828718/1492/1420.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-2805-5..50428-6--cesec48_17886. Accessed Dec. 31, 2009.
- Robinson J, et al. Clinical features and diagnosis of cervical radiculopathy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Dec. 31, 2009.
- Cervical spondylosis. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=a00369. Accessed Dec. 31, 2009.
- Levin K. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Dec. 31, 2009.
- Isaac Z, et al. Evaluation of the patient with neck pain and cervical spine disorders. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Dec. 31, 2009.
- Williams KD, et al. Lower back pain and disorders of intervertebral discs. In: Canale ST, et al. Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/176885618-7/934423257/1584/297.html#4-u1.0-B978-0-323-03329-9..50042-8--cesec55_2001. Accessed Dec. 31, 2009.
- Roth D, et al. Cervical radiculopathy. Disease-a-Month. 2009:55;737.
- Robinson J, et al. Treatment of cervical radiculopathy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Dec. 31, 2009.
- Shelerud RA (expert opinion). Rochester, Minn., Jan. 6, 2010.
- Chang-Miller, A (expert opinion). Rochester, Minn., Jan. 1, 2010.
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