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Causes

By Mayo Clinic staff

In children with asthma, an overly sensitive immune system makes airways become inflamed and swollen when exposed to triggers such as smoke or allergens. Sometimes, asthma symptoms occur with no apparent triggers. When asthma flares up, airway muscles constrict, the lining of the airways swell, and thick mucus fills the bronchial tubes, leading to asthma symptoms.

Asthma triggers differ from child to child and include:

  • Viral infections such as the common cold
  • Allergens such as dust mites, pet dander, pollen or mold
  • Tobacco smoke or other environmental pollutants
  • Exercise
  • Weather changes or cold air

Conditions linked to asthma include:

  • A chronic runny or stuffy nose (rhinitis)
  • Inflamed sinuses (sinusitis)
  • Heartburn (gastroesophageal reflux disease)

DS00849

Sept. 27, 2008

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