Risk factors
By Mayo Clinic staffIt isn't clear what causes diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis, but doctors have some idea of what can increase your risk of the condition. Risk factors include:
- Certain medications. Long-term use of medications called retinoids, such as isotretinoin (Accutane, others), that are similar to vitamin A can increase your risk of diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. It isn't clear whether high intake of vitamin A increases your risk, however.
- Sex. Men are much more likely to develop diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis.
- Older age. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis is most common in older adults, especially in people older than 50.
- Diabetes and other conditions. People with type 2 diabetes may be more likely to develop diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis than are those who don't have diabetes. Other conditions that may raise insulin levels in your body may also increase your risk, including hyperinsulinemia, prediabetes and obesity.
References
- Esdaile JM. Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH). http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 13, 2010.
- Alparslan L, et al. Imaging modalities in rheumatic disease. In: Firestein GS, et al. Kelley's Textbook of Rheumatology. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: W.B. Saunders Elsevier; 2008. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/194678336-3/982047756/1807/375.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-3285-4..10053-1--s1130_1650. Accessed April 13, 2010.
- Srikulmontree T, et al. Chronic neck pain. American Family Physician. 2009;79:595.
- Bearcroft PPW, et al. Joint disease. In: Grainger & Allison's Diagnostic Radiology. 5th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2009. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/194678336-4/982052379/1611/54.html#4-u1.0-B978-0-443-10163-2..50053-1--cesec9_2701. Accessed April 13, 2010.
- Chang-Miller A (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. April 18, 2010.

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