Dry air: Combating the effects of dry winter air

Dry air can irritate your nose, skin and lips. Hydrating, moisturizing and using a humidifier are among the steps you can take to combat dry air.

When the temperature plummets, most people respond by cranking up the heat and hunkering down for the winter. But in the battle to stay warm, you may also be blanketing yourself in dry air — and setting the stage for flaky skin, chapped lips and other problems. Here's how to win the fight against dry air.

Health problems created by dry air

Heating your home can reduce the amount of moisture in the air, especially if you use a forced-air heating system that doesn't include a humidifier. Breathing this dry air can irritate your nasal passages and throat. Dry air may make your skin dry and flaky. It may also cause your lips to chap and your nose to bleed.

Steps to combat dry air

Some simple self-care measures can usually prevent or reduce these common, if annoying, consequences of dry air. Be sure to:

Drink up. Counter dry air and related irritations by drinking more fluids. Water is the best choice. Low-fat milk, fruit juice and other drinks without caffeine are OK, too. Even soups and broths can help.
Shower smart. Short baths or showers are easier on dry skin than are long soaks. Use only mild soap or synthetic detergent. The temperature matters, too. Resist the temptation to use a lot of hot water, as it's more drying. Instead, use warm water as often as possible when bathing. And if your skin is very dry, bathing every other day, or even less often, may be best.
Moisturize. After bathing, gently pat your skin mostly dry. Then apply a moisturizing cream while your skin is still damp. Thicker moisturizers work best, such as over-the-counter brands Eucerin and Cetaphil. You may also want to use cosmetics that contain moisturizers. And remember, men benefit from moisturizing, too.
Lube your lips. Use lip balm or petroleum jelly to soothe chapped or sore lips.
Try saline nasal spray. An over-the-counter saline nasal spray can help moisten your nasal passages. Saline sprays can be used as often as needed until your symptoms improve.
Use a humidifier. A portable home humidifier or one attached to your furnace adds moisture to the air inside your home. Portable humidifiers come in many varieties. Choose one that meets your budget and any special needs. And be sure to keep your humidifier clean to ward off bacteria and fungi.
Avoid excess humidity. Ideally, relative humidity inside your home should range from about 30 percent to 50 percent. Excess humidity — higher than 50 percent — can promote the growth of dust mites, mold, fungi and bacteria.

When dry air triggers a visit to the doctor

However irritating, most of the problems caused by dry air aren't serious. But it's important to keep an eye on your signs and symptoms. Consult your health care provider if self-care measures aren't effective or if you're concerned about your condition.