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Results
By Mayo Clinic staffMany people begin to notice an improvement in their symptoms after two or three treatments with electroconvulsive therapy. Full improvement may take longer, though. Response to antidepressant medications, in comparison, can take several weeks or more.
No one knows for certain how ECT helps treat severe depression and other mental illnesses. What is known, though, is that many chemical aspects of brain function are changed during and after seizure activity. These chemical changes may build upon one another, somehow reducing symptoms of severe depression or other mental illnesses.
That's why ECT is most effective with multiple treatments. Most people who receive ECT have treatments three times a week, usually for two to four weeks. ECT is effective in most people who receive the full course.
Even after your symptoms improve, you likely will need ongoing treatment to prevent a recurrence. That ongoing treatment, known as maintenance therapy, doesn't have to be ECT, but it can be. More often, it includes antidepressants or other medications or psychological counseling (psychotherapy).
- Baghai TC, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy and its different indications. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience. 2008;10:105.
- George MS, et al. Nompharmacological somatic treatments. In: Hales RE, et al. The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychiatry. 5th ed. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Publishing; 2008. http://www.psychiatryonline.com/content.aspx?aID=338950. Accessed May 25, 2010.
- Payne N, et al. Electroconvulsive therapy: Part I. A perspective on the evolution and current practice of ECT. Journal of Psychiatric Practice. 2009;15:346.
- Fact sheet: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). Mental Health America. http://www.nmha.org/go/information/get-info/treatment/electroconvulsive-therapy-ect. Accessed May 26, 2010.
- Depression: Electroconvulsive therapy. American Academy of Family Physicians. http://familydoctor.org/online/famdocen/home/common/mentalhealth/treatment/058.html. Accessed May 26, 2010.
- Doughrerty DD, et al. Somatic therapies for treatment-resistant depression: New neurotherapeutic interventions. Psychiatric Clinics of North America. 2007;30:31.
- Lisanby SH. Electroconvulsive therapy for depression. New England Journal of Medicine. 2007;298:330.
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