• Background
• Related terms
• Evidence
• Dosing
• Safety
• Methodology
• Selected references

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Selected references

1. Abourashed EA, El Alfy AT, Khan IA, et al. Ephedra in perspective--a current review. Phytother Res 2003;17(7):703-712.
2. Ashar BH, Miller RG, Getz KJ, et al. A critical evaluation of Internet marketing of products that contain ephedra. Mayo Clin Proc 2003;78(8):944-946.
3. Baker SK, Silva JE, Lam KK. Pseudoephedrine-induced hemorrhage associated with a cerebral vascular malformation. Can J Neurol Sci 2005;32(2):248-52.
4. Bent S, Tiedt TN, Odden MC, et al. The relative safety of ephedra compared with other herbal products. Ann Intern Med 3-18-2003;138(6):468-471.
5. Boozer CN, Daly PA, Homel P, et al. Herbal ephedra/caffeine for weight loss: a 6-month randomized safety and efficacy trial. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002;26(5):593-604.
6. Coffey CS, Steiner D, Baker BA, et al. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial of a product containing ephedrine, caffeine, and other ingredients from herbal sources for treatment of overweight and obesity in the absence of lifestyle treatment. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2004;28(11):1411-1419.
7. Hackman RM, Havel PJ, Schwartz HJ, et al. Multinutrient supplement containing ephedra and caffeine causes weight loss and improves metabolic risk factors in obese women: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Obes (Lond) 2006;30(10):1545-56.
8. Meadows M. Public health officials caution against ephedra use. Health officials caution consumers against using dietary supplements containing ephedra. The stimulant can have dangerous effects on the nervous system and heart. FDA Consum 2003;37(3):8-9.
9. Milic M, Bao X, Rizos D, et al. Literature review and pilot studies of the effect of QT correction formulas on reported beta2-agonist-induced QTc prolongation. Clin Ther 2006 Apr;28(4):582-90.
10. Molnar D, Torok K, Erhardt E, et al. Safety and efficacy of treatment with an ephedrine/caffeine mixture. The first double-blind placebo-controlled pilot study in adolescents. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2000;24(12):1573-1578.
11. Morgenstern LB, Viscoli CM, Kernan WN, et al. Use of Ephedra-containing products and risk for hemorrhagic stroke. Neurology 1-14-2003;60(1):132-135.
12. Natural Standard Research Collaboration, Chief Editors: Ulbricht C, Basch E, Natural Standard Herb and Supplement Reference - Evidence-Based Clinical Reviews, USA: Elsevier/Mosby, 2005.
13. No authors listed. Working to get ephedra banned. Consum.Rep 2003;68(2):6.
14. Samenuk D, Link MS, Homoud MK, et al. Adverse cardiovascular events temporally associated with ma huang, an herbal source of ephedrine. Mayo Clin Proc 2002;77(1):12-16.
15. Shekelle PG, Hardy ML, Morton SC, et al. Efficacy and safety of ephedra and ephedrine for weight loss and athletic performance: a meta-analysis. JAMA 3-26-2003;289(12):1537-1545.

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