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West Nile virus transmission cycle

Illustration of West Nile virus transmission cycle

When a mosquito bites an infected bird, the virus enters the mosquito's bloodstream and eventually moves into the salivary glands. When an infected mosquito bites an animal or a human, the virus is passed into the host's bloodstream, where it may cause serious illness. Birds are the main animal reservoirs for the virus, and the mosquitoes are the transmitters (vectors). Humans and other animals don't pass the virus on to other humans or animals.

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