Mild cognitive impairment (MCI)

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Definition

By Mayo Clinic staff

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an intermediate stage between the expected cognitive decline of normal aging and the more pronounced decline of dementia. It involves problems with memory, language, thinking and judgment that are greater than typical age-related changes. If you have mild cognitive impairment, you may be aware that your memory or mental function has "slipped." And your family and close friends may also notice a change. But generally these changes aren't severe enough to interfere with your day-to-day life and usual activities.

Mild cognitive impairment increases your risk of later developing dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, especially when your main difficulty is with memory. But some people with mild cognitive impairment never get worse, and a few eventually get better.

References
  1. Preventing Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline. National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science Conference Statement. April 26-28, 2010. http://consensus.nih.gov/2010/docs/alz/ALZ_Final_Statement.pdf. Accessed June 25, 2010.
  2. Petersen RC, et al. Mild cognitive impairment ten years later. Archives of Neurology. 2009;66:1447.
  3. Roberts RO, et al. Subjective complaints in mild cognitive impairment make a difference. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. 2010;21:242.
  4. Wright JD. Mild cognitive impairment. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed June 28, 2010.
  5. Winblad B, et al. Mild cognitive impairment — Beyond controversies, towards a consensus. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2004;256:240.
  6. Petersen RC. Mild cognitive impairment as a diagnostic entity. Journal of Internal Medicine. 2004;256:183.
  7. Essentials of a diagnostic workup. Alzheimer's Association. http://www.alz.org/professionals_and_researchers_14902.asp. Accessed June 30, 2010.

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Aug. 26, 2010

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