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Causes
By Mayo Clinic staffPlasma cells are a type of white blood cell. They are found in your bone marrow. Plasma cells produce some of the antibodies that help your body fight infection. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance occurs when plasma cells in your bone marrow produce an abnormal protein called monoclonal protein (M protein).
In the majority of people with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, the protein isn't harmful. But when too much M protein accumulates, it crowds out healthy cells in your bone marrow and can damage other tissues in your body.
Genetic changes appear to play a role in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, as do environmental triggers, such as being exposed to certain pesticides or to radiation from an atomic bomb.
- Blade J. Monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance. New England Journal of Medicine. 2006;355:2765.
- Rajkumar SV, et al. Advances in the diagnosis, classification, risk stratification, and management of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: Implications for recategorizing disease entities in the presence of evolving scientific evidence. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2010;85:945.
- Rajkumar SV. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 19, 2010.
- Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. http://www.merck.com/mmpe/print/sec11/ch144/ch144d.html. Accessed Oct. 21, 2010.
- Wadhera RK, et al. Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance: A systematic review. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2010;85:933.
- Landgren O, et al. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance among black and white women. Blood. 2010;116:1056.
- Mikhael JR (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, Ariz. Nov. 12, 2010.
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