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Pain medications: Read the label before you buy

A note about combination products

Combination products, also called combination formulas, contain more than one active ingredient. For example, some pain medicines for migraines contain acetaminophen, aspirin and caffeine. Caffeine is used because studies have shown that adding it to aspirin or acetaminophen improves pain relief. Nighttime or PM formulas typically include a sedating drug, such as an antihistamine, to make you drowsy.

If you're taking multiple OTC products, especially if one is a combination product, pay close attention to the list of ingredients. Many contain the same active ingredient. For example, a pain medicine and a cough-cold-fever medicine could both contain acetaminophen. If you took both, you could exceed — maybe by a lot — the recommended maximum dose and be at risk of serious adverse effects.

Read all about it

The information on today's over-the-counter medications is easier to understand than ever. Technical terms such as "contraindications" and "precautions" have been eliminated. So has haphazardly placed safety information and the tiny type.

So there's no excuse for not reading the label before you buy. Also, be sure to check the label — including the expiration date — when you dig something out of your medicine cabinet.

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References
  1. Medicines in my home: Information for adults on using over-the-counter medicines safely. The Drug Facts label. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/cder/medsinmyhome/MIMH_booklet_adult_label.htm. Accessed Jan. 26, 2009.
  2. Hagen PT. Mayo Clinic EmbodyHealth Guide to Self-Care. 5th ed. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2006:257-258.
  3. The best way to use your over-the-counter pain reliever? Seriously. U.S. Food and Drug Adminstration. http://www.fda.gov/cder/drug/analgesics/bestWayBrochure.htm. Accessed Jan. 27, 2009.
  4. OTC Drug Facts label. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/fdac/special/testtubetopatient/otc.html. Accessed Jan. 26, 2009.
  5. The new Drug Facts label. National Council on Patient Information and Education. http://www.bemedwise.org/label/label.htm. Accessed Jan. 26, 2009.

PN00066

April 4, 2009

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