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Definition
By Mayo Clinic staff
Prostate cancer is cancer that occurs in a man's prostate — a small walnut-shaped gland that produces the seminal fluid that nourishes and transports sperm.
Prostate cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men. Prostate cancer usually grows slowly and initially remains confined to the prostate gland, where it may not cause serious harm. While some types of prostate cancer grow slowly and may need minimal or no treatment, other types are aggressive and can spread quickly.
Prostate cancer that is detected early — when it's still confined to the prostate gland — has a better chance of successful treatment.
- Nelson WG, et al. Prostate cancer. In: Abeloff MD, et al. Abeloff's Clinical Oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone; 2008:1653.
- Prostate cancer. Fort Washington, Pa.: National Comprehensive Cancer Network. http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/prostate.pdf. Accessed Jan. 6, 2010.
- What you need to know about prostate cancer. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/wyntk/prostate/allpages/print. Accessed Jan. 7, 2010.
- Loeb S, et al. Risk factors, prevention and early detection of prostate cancer. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice. 2009;36:603.
- Prostate cancer early detection. Fort Washington, Pa.: National Comprehensive Cancer Network. http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/prostate_detection.pdf. Accessed Jan. 6, 2010.
- Prostate cancer prevention (PDQ) health professional version. National Cancer Institute. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/pdq/prevention/prostate/healthprofessional/allpages/print. Accessed Jan. 7, 2010.
- Urinary dysfunction. Prostate Cancer Foundation. http://www.prostatecancerfoundation.org/side_effects/urinary_dysfunction. Accessed Jan. 11, 2010.
- Erectile dysfunction. Prostate Cancer Foundation. http://www.prostatecancerfoundation.org/side_effects/erectile_dysfunction. Accessed Jan. 11, 2010.
- Surgical management of prostate cancer. American Urological Association Foundation. http://www.urologyhealth.org/adult/index.cfm?cat=04&topic=130. Accessed Jan. 11, 2010.
- McClure MW. Prostate cancer. In: Rakel D. Integrative Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/178018505-4/0/1494/0.html. Accessed Jan. 11, 2010.
- Distress management. Fort Washington, Pa.: National Comprehensive Cancer Network. http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/PDF/distress.pdf. Accessed Jan. 11, 2010.
- Castle EP (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale/Phoenix, Ariz. Jan. 23, 2010.
- Dawson NA. Overview of treatment for advanced prostate cancer. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 25, 2010.
- Cryoablation for prostate cancer. UrologyHealthy.org. http://www.urologyhealth.org/adult/index.cfm?cat=04&topic=42. Accessed Jan. 25, 2010.
- Ahmed HU, et al. Minimally-invasive technologies in uro-oncology: The role of cryotherapy, HIFU and photodynamic therapy in whole gland and focal therapy of localised prostate cancer. Surgical Oncology. 2009;18:2189.
- Found 332 studies with search of: Prostate cancer AND chemotherapy. ClincalTrials.gov. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=prostate+cancer+AND+chemotherapy. Accessed Jan. 25, 2010.
- Questions and Answers: 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) may increase the risk of a more serious form of prostate cancer. Food and Drug Administration. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm258358.htm. Accessed June 20, 2011.
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