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Tests and diagnosis

By Mayo Clinic staff

No single test can confirm a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis. Your doctor will assess your signs and symptoms and work to rule out other causes of joint pain, such as osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Tests that help to distinguish psoriatic arthritis from other conditions include:

  • X-rays. These can help pinpoint changes in the joints that occur in psoriatic arthritis but not in other arthritic conditions.
  • Joint fluid test. In this test, your doctor removes a small sample of fluid from one of your joints — often the knee — for analysis in a laboratory. Uric acid crystals in your joint fluid may indicate that you have gout, rather than psoriatic arthritis.
  • Sed rate. This blood test checks your erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), commonly known as the sed rate, by measuring how far from the top of a glass tube your red blood cells fall in a given time. Generally, the blood cells fall faster and farther — that is, the sed rate increases — when inflammation is present. But because many conditions can cause inflammation in the body, including many forms of arthritis and other rheumatic diseases, an elevated sed rate alone can't confirm the presence of psoriatic arthritis.
  • Rheumatoid factor (RF). RF is an antibody — a protein made by the immune system — that's often present in the blood of people with rheumatoid arthritis, but not in the blood of people with psoriatic arthritis. For that reason, this test can help your doctor distinguish between the two conditions.
References
  1. Questions and answers about psoriasis. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases. http://www.niams.nih.gov/hi/topics/psoriasis/psoriafs.htm. Accessed Sept. 9, 2008.
  2. Psoriatic arthritis. American College of Rheumatology. http://www.rheumatology.org/public/factsheets/psoriatic_new.asp. Accessed Sept. 9, 2008.
  3. Psoriasis of the nails. National Psoriasis Foundation. http://www.psoriasis.org/about/psoriasis/sites/nails.php. Accessed Sept. 9, 2008.
  4. Psoriatic arthritis. National Psoriasis Foundation. http://www.psoriasis.org/about/psa. Accessed Sept. 9, 2008.
  5. Gordon KB, et al. The treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: An interdisciplinary approach. The Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2006;54(3)(suppl):S85-S91.
  6. Cerhan JR, et al. Antioxidant micronutrients and risk of rheumatoid arthritis in a cohort of older women. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2003;157(4):345-354.
  7. Imokawa S, et al. Methotrexate pneumonitis: Review of the literature and histopathological findings in nine patients. The European Respiratory Journal. 2000;15(2):373-381.
  8. Tobin AM, et al. TNF alpha inhibitors in the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. BioDrugs. 2005;19(1):47-57.
  9. Gladman DD, et al. Patient information: Psoriatic arthritis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Sept. 11, 2008.

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Dec. 13, 2008

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