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By Mayo Clinic staffDon't shy away from seeing a doctor if you experience any signs or symptoms of rectovaginal fistula. A fistula may be the first indication of a more serious problem, such as an area of infection where pus has collected (abscess), or cancer. It's important that your doctor identify the cause of the fistula and determine whether and when it should be repaired. Depending on the cause of your fistula, your doctor may refer you to a colorectal or gynecologic surgeon.