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By Mayo Clinic staff

The only sure way to prevent an allergic reaction to shellfish is to avoid shellfish altogether.

Despite your best efforts, however, you may still come into contact with shellfish. If you experience a mild allergic reaction to shellfish, medications, such as antihistamines, may reduce signs and symptoms, such as rash and itchiness. Antihistamines can be taken after exposure to shellfish to control your reaction and help relieve discomfort.

If you have a severe allergic reaction to shellfish (anaphylaxis), you'll likely need an emergency injection of epinephrine (adrenaline). If you're at risk of having a severe reaction, carry injectable epinephrine (such as an EpiPen) with you at all times.

Administer an emergency injection of epinephrine if you experience any of these symptoms after exposure to shellfish:

  • Difficulty breathing
  • Swollen throat
  • Wheezing or a repetitive dry cough
  • Chest tightness
  • Dizziness, lightheadedness or a feeling that you're going to faint

After you use epinephrine, seek emergency medical care.

References
  1. Sicherer SH. Seafood allergies: Fish and shellfish. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  2. Sampson HA. Food-induced anaphylaxis. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  3. Sicherer SH. Food allergen avoidance. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  4. Burks W. Clinical manifestations of food allergy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  5. Wood R. The natural history of childhood food allergy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  6. James JM, et al. Respiratory manifestations of food allergy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  7. Marcus EN. Marine toxins. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  8. Burks W. History and physical examination in the patient with possible food allergy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  9. Burks W. Diagnostic tools for food allergy. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  10. Seafood allergy. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. http://www.aaaai.org/patients/advocate/2006/winter/seafood.asp. Accessed April 22, 2009.
  11. Seafood allergy. Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America. http://www.aafa.org/display.cfm?id=9&sub=20&cont=518. Accessed April 22, 2009.

DS00987

June 25, 2009

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