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Tests and diagnosis
By Mayo Clinic staffWhile the physical examination alone can often confirm a diagnosis of cervical dystonia, it's important to determine if there are underlying conditions causing your signs and symptoms. Tests may include:
- Blood or urine tests. These may reveal the presence of toxins.
- Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This type of imaging test may be used to identify and visualize tumors or evidence of stroke.
- Electromyography (EMG). This test measures the electrical activity of muscles. EMG helps evaluate and diagnose muscle and nerve disorders and can help confirm whether you have cervical dystonia or another condition.
References
- Dystonias fact sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/dystonias/dystonias.htm. Accessed Oct. 24, 2008.
- Bang MS, et al. Cervical dystonia. In: Frontera WR, et al. Essentials of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2008. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/108327421-3/763666283/1678/124.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-4007-1..50107-3_1714. Accessed Oct. 24, 2008.
- Stacy M. Epidemiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis of cervical dystonia. Neurological Clinics. 2008;26(suppl 1):23.
- Singer C, et al. Cervical dystonia: Etiology and pathophysiology. Neurological Clinics. 2008;26(suppl 1):9.
- Neurological diagnostic tests and procedures. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/misc/diagnostic_tests.htm. Accessed Oct. 29, 2008.
- Swope D, et al. Treatment recommendations and practical applications of botulinum toxin treatment of cervical dystonia. Neurological Clinics. 2008;26(suppl 1):54.
- Bajwa ZH. Botulinum toxins for dystonia, spasticity and chronic pain. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 30, 2008.
- Su M, et al. Anticholinergic poisoning. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Oct. 30, 2008.
- NINDS deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease information page. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/deep_brain_stimulation/deep_brain_stimulation.htm. Accessed Oct. 30, 2008.
