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By Mayo Clinic staffThe following tests are commonly employed to determine if any underlying condition is causing thunderclap headaches.
CT scan
Diagnosis often starts with a CT scan of the head to search for an underlying cause for the headache. CT scans use an X-ray unit that rotates around your body and a computer to create cross-sectional images (like slices) of your brain and head.
Spinal tap
Sometimes a spinal tap (lumbar puncture) is needed as well. With this procedure, the doctor removes a small amount of the fluid that surrounds your brain and spinal cord. The cerebrospinal fluid sample can be tested for protein, white blood cells and other substances.
MRI
In some cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be done for further assessment. With this imaging study, a magnetic field and radio waves are used to create cross-sectional images of the structures within your brain.
Angiography
To obtain a picture of the blood vessels inside your head, your doctor may have you undergo a magnetic resonance angiogram or a CT angiogram, in which contrast material is injected intravenously during an MRI or CT scan.