Umbilical hernia

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Causes

By Mayo Clinic staff

During pregnancy, the umbilical cord passes through a small opening in the baby's abdominal muscles. The opening normally closes just before birth. If the muscles don't join together completely in the midline of the abdomen, this weakness in the abdominal wall may cause an umbilical hernia at birth or later in life.

In adults, too much abdominal pressure can cause an umbilical hernia. Possible causes in adults include:

  • Obesity
  • Heavy lifting
  • A long history of coughing
  • Multiple pregnancies
  • Fluid in the abdominal cavity (ascites)
References
  1. Abdominal wall hernias. The Merck Manuals: Home Edition for Patients and Caregivers. http://www.merck.com/mmhe/sec09/ch132/ch132c.html. Accessed Jan. 26, 2010.
  2. Stoll BJ. The umbilicus. In: Kliegman RM, et al. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/179974528-5/943858714/1608/337.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-2450-7..50107-9--cesec10_2769. Accessed Jan. 26, 2010.
  3. Brooks DC. Abdominal wall hernias. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Jan. 26, 2010.
  4. Hoecker JL (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Feb. 4, 2010.
DS00655 March 20, 2010

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