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Causes
By Mayo Clinic staffThe exact cause of an undescended testicle isn't known. A combination of genetics, maternal health and other environmental factors may disrupt the hormones, physical changes and nerve activity that influence the development of the testicles.
References
- Ashley RA, et al. Cryptorchidism: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. Urologic Clinics of North America. 2010;37:183.
- Cryptorchidism. In: Ferri FF. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2010. St. Louis, Mo.: Mosby; 2009. http://www.mdconsult.com/book/player/book.do?method=display&type=bookPage&decorator=header&eid=4-u1.0-B978-0-323-05610-6..00012-3--sc0255&uniq=213947045&isbn=978-0-323-05610-6&sid=1037085104#lpState=open&lpTab=contentsTab&content=4-u1.0-B978-0-323-05610-6..00012-3--s5575%3Bfrom%3Dcontent%3Bisbn%3D978-0-323-05610-6%3Btype%3DbookPage. Accessed Aug. 12, 2010.
- Elder JS. Disorders and anomalies of the scrotal contents. In: Kliegman RM, et al. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/213947045-4/1037087645/1608/1246.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-2450-7..50547-8--cesec4_9821. Accessed Aug. 12, 2010.
- Cooper CS, et al. Undescended testes (cryptorchidism) in children and adolescents. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed Aug. 12, 2010.
- Braunstein GD. Endocrinology and the life span. In: Kronenberg HM, et al. Williams Textbook of Endocrinology. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2008. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/213947045-6/1037085104/1555/158.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4160-2911-3..50026-1--cesec117_2351. Accessed Aug. 12, 2010.
- Nippoldt TB (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Aug. 15, 2010.
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