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Causes
By Mayo Clinic staffThe cause of Whipple's disease is infection with the bacterium Tropheryma whipplei. This bacterium can initially affect the mucosal lining of your small intestine, forming small lesions within the intestinal wall. With time, the infection can spread to other parts of your body.
Not much is known about the bacterium. Although it seems readily present in the environment, scientists don't really know where it comes from or how it's transmitted to humans. Not everyone who carries the bacterium develops the disease. Some researchers believe that people with the disease may have a genetic defect in their immune system response that makes them more susceptible to becoming ill when exposed to the bacterium.
Whipple's disease is extremely uncommon. Recent estimates are that it affects less than 1 in 1 million people each year.
- Whipple's disease. National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/whipple/. Accessed April 20, 2010.
- Schneider T, et al. Whipple's disease: New aspects of pathogenesis and treatment. The Lancet. 2008;8:179.
- Infectious enterocolitis. In: Kumar V, et al. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 8th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2007. http://www.mdconsult.com/das/book/body/198838576-5/991412257/2060/201.html#4-u1.0-B978-1-4377-0792-2..50022-5--cesec139_1852. Accessed April 20, 2010.
- Apstein M, et al. Whipple's disease. http://www.uptodate.com/home/index.html. Accessed April 20, 2010.
- Marth T, et al. Whipple's disease. In: Mandell GL, et al. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 76th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier: 2009. http://www.mdconsult.com/book/player/book.do?method=display&type=bookPage&decorator=header&eid=4-u1.0-B978-0-443-06839-3..00101-6--s0025&uniq=198838576&isbn=978-0-443-06839-3&sid=991410994#lpState=open&lpTab=contentsTab&content=4-u1.0-B978-0-443-06839-3..00101-6--s0030%3Bfrom%3Dtoc%3Btype%3DbookPage%3Bisbn%3D978-0-443-06839-3. Accessed April 30, 2010.
- Steckelberg JM (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. April 30, 2010.
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