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Coronary artery disease: Angioplasty or bypass surgery?
By Mayo Clinic staffOriginal Article: http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/coronary-artery-disease/AN01472
- With Mayo Clinic cardiologist
Martha Grogan, M.D.
read biographyclose windowBiography of
Martha Grogan, M.D.
Martha Grogan, M.D.
Dr. Martha Grogan is board-certified in internal medicine and cardiovascular diseases. She is a native of Cincinnati, Ohio, and received her medical degree from Northwestern University Medical School. Dr. Grogan has been on staff at Mayo Clinic since 1995 and is a consultant in the Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and is an assistant professor of medicine at Mayo Medical School.
Dr. Grogan is a noninvasive cardiologist specializing in heart failure, adult congenital heart disease and echocardiography. She has witnessed firsthand the importance of patient education in the treatment of diseases such as congestive heart failure and is excited about the tremendous educational opportunities now available through the Internet.
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Treatments and drugs (3)
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Lifestyle and home remedies (1)
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Prevention (3)
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Question
Coronary artery disease: Angioplasty or bypass surgery?
I'm getting a cardiac catheterization. If blockages are found, what's the best treatment, angioplasty or bypass surgery?
Answer
from Martha Grogan, M.D.
During cardiac catheterization, your doctor will examine images of the inside of your coronary arteries. If cholesterol plaques in these arteries (coronary artery disease) have caused areas of narrowing, treatment options depend on various factors, including:
- Severity and extent of coronary artery disease
- Symptoms, such as chest pain and shortness of breath
- Overall heart function
- Other medical conditions, such as heart valve disease, diabetes, kidney disease, peripheral artery disease, or prior stroke or heart attack
For some people, medications and lifestyle changes may be the treatment of choice — especially if only one artery is narrowed.
In other cases, angioplasty may be recommended to open the clogged arteries — especially if you are having chest discomfort (angina) due to reduced blood flow that has not responded to medication and lifestyle changes. During angioplasty, a tiny balloon is inserted and expanded at the site of the blockage to widen the narrowed artery. Typically, a small metal coil called a stent is implanted in the clogged artery to help prop the artery open and reduce the risk of it narrowing again. It's possible you may even have angioplasty during your cardiac catheterization, if your doctor thinks it's the best treatment option for you.
If your arteries are narrowed or blocked in multiple areas, coronary bypass surgery may be necessary. During bypass surgery, a section of healthy blood vessel — often taken from inside the chest wall or the lower leg — is attached above and below the blocked artery. This allows blood to bypass the blocked area and flow to the heart muscle.
Next questionGrass-fed beef: What are the heart-health benefits?
- What is coronary angioplasty? National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/angioplasty/. Accessed April 24, 2013.
- Levine GN, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI guideline for percutaneous coronary intervention. Circulation. 2011;124:e574.
- Cutlip D, et al. Bypass surgery versus percutaneous intervention in the management of stable angina pectoris: Recommendations. http://www.uptodate.com/home. Accessed April 24, 2013.
- O'Gara PT, et al. 2013 ACCF/AHA guideline for the management of ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Circulation. 2013;127:e362.
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